Diabetes is a chronic medical condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. In type 1 diabetes, the body’s immune system attacks and destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, leading to insulin deficiency. Type 2 diabetes, the more common form, occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood sugar levels.